Hi,
storage accounts scale with storage consumed, tiering, operations etc. You can also have reserved capacity if you have more than 100TB in your billing account. So for storage you would need to check the trend in storage and see if the number of operations has changed. If you have changed your tier to hot from a lower tier, that will also influence cost. If you have a reservation and you went over it, you get pay-as-you-go pricing for the overage.
Virtual machines are similar: pricing scales with the number of cores, attached disks can add up, and VMs can also have reservations that you can go over. If you install SQL Server on a VM, you will incur SQL license costs for that VM if your subscription is not under a dev/test agreement.
It can also be that you have an Enterprise Agreement with Microsoft that changes, with new prices as a result.
tl;dr: it depends, look at the metrics for the resources to understand where the increase comes from.